Drier and evaporator.



C. OFFENHAUSER.

DRIER AND EVIAFORATOH. VAPPLICATIQN mu) JULY 9,1911.

1,249,177. Patented Dec. 4, 1917.

2 SHEETS-S ET 1.

C. OFFENHAUSER.

DRIER AND EVAPORATOR.

APPLICATION FI'LED JULY 8.19%

Patented Dec. 4, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2} rendering material, which shall be of such construc-' UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE. 1

CHRISTOPHER OFFENHAUSER bF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA DRIER AND EVAPORATOB.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GHRISTQPHER OFF-EN- nausns, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia Pennsylvania, have invented new and use ul Improvementsun Driers and Evaporators, of which the following is a specification.

which shall include ,a novel arrangement and construction of'drums for respectively and; for heatingthe same, together with a scra ,r of novel form and method oi op-f ing,

containing the material 1 under treatment eration;-'theapparatus being particularly designed with a view to the prevention of clogging when certain material suchfas tank- 1 for the rollers are a pair of supporting age, abattoir b products or the like are beevaporate or concentrated. I V

also desire to provide a'relatively eflicient, simple and substantial form of rotary d "shall mclude ajnovel arrangement of drums I" and conduits forconducting away objectiorn gases P e P d uri g he operation. i

It is further desired to provide a machine 1 of the character described with novel means for insuring) continuous engagement between the'scraperand the stationary drum theinvention also'fcontemplating such a disposition of thelscraper as will aid in the agitation of the material under treatment.

These objects and other advantageous rends Isecure as" hereinafter set forth ref- I erencebeing-ihad to the accompanying rawi'n ,in'wh h, a v

igu rel is a side elevation partly in vertical section, illustrating a machine contedfiaccording to my invention; and

2 is a transverse vertical section on "the -li ne 2 -2, Fig. 1.

In the above drawings, 1 represents a pair of base castings, eaph providing bearings for supporting-rollers 2 and'on these is ro- Speclfleation 0! Letters Patent.

axial with the outer drum 11.

or evaporating apparatus which, drum has a smooth external cylindrical sur Patented Dec. 4, 1917;

Application filed July 9, 1917. Serial No. 179,393.

tatably mounted a cylindrical drum" arranged with its longitudinal axis substantially horizontal and having the central parts of its ends or heads 12 open, there being supporting tracks or tires 13 on said .drum for engagement with said rollers. The

preferably in its cylindrical portion, with one or moreopenings of which the single one shown is closed by a door 16 through which material to be dried may be introduced and the product resulting from such material removed. 'Wi'thin the drum; and projecting radially inward'from its interior surface are a series of longitudinally, ex

tending shelves 7 preferably though not necessarily mounted on angle sections attached to the drum structure. I

Adjacent and outside of the'base castings standards or columns l which carry an innor drum 5 in a position substantially co- This inner face and is madewith heads 17 from eachot which projects a casting3 non-rotatably engaging ,and supported by the adjacent sup- 0nd pipe 18 through which condensedwater may be withdrawn. Obviously this sec-' 0nd pipe may beomitted if desired and the pipe 6 beused both for the admission of steam and for the withdrawal of water.

on the i For removing material collectin stationary drum 5, 1 provide an e ongated knife or scraper 8, havm a relatively sharp edge resting upon the cy indrical surface of. said drum and while said "scraper may be made in a single section engaging the drum,

it is preferably divided into three sections 30\-31-32, in staggered relation to each other, 120. apart around said inner drum.

Each section of the scraper or blade-is supto the drum 11.

Borted on two or any suitable number of rackets or braces 9 mounted on the inner surface ofthe rotary drum 11, bein shown in. the present. instance as carrie on or bolted to the angle irons whereby thelifting-and agitatin shelves 7 are connected I 'ach of'said brackets preferably includes a suitable form of inca'sed spring 33 so mounted as to, at all times yieldingly press the scraper blade 8' into the closest engagement with said drum. Ob- .viously the braces 9 may themselves be made of 5 ring material and be so adjusted as to per orm the functions of the springs 33, which could then bc-omitted. In any case the.;in vention involves the provision of a spring deyice so acting on the scraper blade as-to maintain it in constant engagement with the innerjdrum surface. ,Asshown, the sera 1' blades or knives are adjustably mounte on the brackets 9 which for this purpose are slotted for the passage of the blade retaining bolts so as to permit said hlade'or hla des being moved toward or from the drum.

For the purpose. of rarrying away the vapors generated during, the operation of the machine, I provide either or both ends of the apparatus with a line or conduit 10 each of whiehis rigidly mounted on or supported by one-oi the. castings 3. Each of these conduits includes a verticallyextending portion projerting from the. misting 3 which carries it, to within'a short. distance ofthe.top1nost;part of the inner surfare of said drum. This ihuer porlion is ronnected to the outer pull. of the. (:nndult'm' due by a portion vhieh is concentric with the. east- 'ing B and extends through the openin in the center of th end ot' 'the. d rumll. This outer portion of either orv lml'h Hf the conduits is connected to a staclt, exhaust. fan or any desired apparatus for withdrawing the vapors or gases from the interim-of the drum 11, though it is to be noted that in'somc cases .one of said lines may be. conne ted to a ource of lit-atoll air and reused to deliver this to the. interior ol the rolan drum when itisdesireil'to assist. in or hast n the. evaporation or drying of thematerial under treatment. 'It; is understood that eaelrof the conduits makes a sliding-lit with the adjacent end of then-hurry drum it so 'tlarttherejs practirial'to be concentrated ova iorated or other- -wi'sc t'rtuited "lsfillltfutllltital- Into the drum-11 fee p applied through the pinioirla'i to fltti gear ring l t or by any other suitable driving de\'iee. .\t th samelime steam or other heating medpun is lntroduced to the stationary inner drum-5 through the pipe 6, and as the-drum It is turned the liquid, therein is raised or'agitated by the shelves 7 and is delivered-in larger or smaller quantities over the surface of the stationary drum 5. which the la ter is maintained, this liquid is rapidly evaporated or concentrated and the. vapors generated are drawn'otf intothetlue 10. At, the same time the solid material lodging on or formed upon the cylindrical surface of the drum 5 is cut or scraped therefrom by the blade 8 which is maintained by its springs in intimate contact with the drum surface,.and it is obvious that relatively little poweris required for this-purpose in view of the comparatively small diameter of this drum and of the large rota-- tive. Force exerted upon the" blade 8. If tanlrage or glue. waters such as'liquor from cooking tanks or bone boiling vatsare bellltf treated with a view to obtaining them in solid form, the operation is continued mail xllgh liquid is evaporated to dryness, and it is obvious that even if it. assumes a syrupy or gummy consistency, there is nodanger of clogging the machine, since said material has practically no tendency to adhere, to the inner surface of the drum 11 and the shelves, because these are at a comparatively low temperature and because it cannot. collect upon the exterior Fiulfflce 0 the drum 5 owing to the scraping, or" cutting action of the. blade or blade sections 8. Upon O gto the high temperature at e material is diseharged through thedoor 16.

It is obvious that the above described inachin'c is articularly advantageous for-use in concentrating various'liquids as well as for treating fat-containing materials for the. purpose of rendering such fat. It is. likewise especiallyaidapled f r the treatment of liquids whirl: it is desired to absorb in owd red solid materiah since the desired end may he obtained without danger of such material becoming permanentlyattached to the. heating snrfaeeaml thus stoppingthe successful and eliieicnt operation 'of the machine.

Obviously the evaporating or c0ncentrating action in any case takes place in an ellirienl. manner and at a high speed, since the la-atin; surface provided by the inner drum is continuously cleaned or freed from the solid material resulting from the evaporation of'the. liquid. Owing to the faetthat the shelves 7 aml also the scrapers raise the l'naterial under treatment. and agitate it though liftingludrelatively slllull amounts thereof; the. power required fori-olul-ing the drum H is materially less than is the case with drying or eiiur enlrrlting maehines having: the same raparily but of the roustrurllon at present employed.

While the gases or vapors generated dur-,

ing operation may ordinarily pass out of the machine through the two flues, I may hasten any drying or evaporating process by forcmg heated air through one of said flues into the outer drum, thereby supplying heat in addition to that supplied by the inner drum.

1. The combination in a drier or evaporator of a rotary drum; a non-rotatable -drum within said first drum; a scraper carried b the first drum and operative upon the surface of the inner drum; with means for turning the rotary drum.

2. The combination in a drier or evaporator of a rotary drum; a non-rotatable drum within saidfirst drum; a scraper carried by'thefirst drum and operative upon the surface of the inner drum; with means for turning the rotary drum, said scraper being adjustable toward and from said inner drum. M a I 3. The combination in a drier or evap orator of a "rotary drum; a non-rotatable gydrum within said first drum; 9. scraper carried by the first drum andoperative upon the'surface of the inner drum; means for turning the rotarydrum; :with means for 'yieldingly pressing the scrapentoward the inner drum. Y A

4, The combination in u a drier or evaporator of a rotary druini. a non-rotatable drum within said first drum a scraper carried by the first ,drumand operative upon the surface of the-inner drum means for turning the rotary drum; with incased springs mounted to" yieldlng'l press the scraper toward the; surface 9 the inner drum.

v mentlwi't 6. The combination in a drier of a sup- :5 R

5. The combination in a drier or evaporator of a rotary drum; a non-rotatable drum within "said first drum; brackets mounted on the: rotary drum; a scraper carried bysaid' brackets in engagement with the non-rotatable drum; and springs interposed between the-rotary drum and the scraper for yieldingl pressing thelatter into engage h saidJnon-rotatable drum;

porting structure;- a :drum carried thereby;

means for supplying a) heating medi m t said drum;j a, second drum substantial y 00- axial with said first drum and inclosing the same; meansgior rotating said second drum;

and means foriremoving solid material from the outer surface of the first drum.

'- 7-. The combination in a drier of a sup- ;same; means V the porting'fstructure; a drum carried thereby;

meansf or supplying a heating medium to up said drumgiai-seeond drum substantially co.- axialiw'ith; id first drumzand incloslng the for rotating said second drum;

iter sur foil-the first drum, consisting, a hl adpicarried by the'second removing solidmaterial from 8. The combination of supportingineans; I, a drum non-rotatably carried thereby; means for heating said drum; supportin rollers;

a second drum substantially coaxia with the ing said drum; a second drum. rota'tably mounted and substantially coaxial with and outside of the first drum; means within the second drum 'for raising the material therein and directing it, toward the first drumand means for scraping the surface of mi first drum. I

10, The combination of, adrum having a cylindrical exterior surface; means for heating .said drum; a second drum rotatably mounted to be substantially coaxial with and outside of the first drum; means within the second drum for raising the material therein anddirecting it toward the first drum; and means for scraping the surface of said first drum; consisting of a sharp-edged blade bearing upon said drum surfaceand supported by the second drum.

11. The combination in'a drier orevaporator of a rotary drum; a second drum inside said first drum; means'for heating said inner drum; and at least one flue for'conducting the gases from the first drum the same including 'a portion extending through drier of a supporting structure; a can ried thereby; a second drum rotatably supported substantially coaxial with said first drum andhaving a central opening in'one end; 'means for heating the'first drum; with a flue supported by the first drum, exteng'ilng through the opening of the second d t, and projecting upwardly toward the'highest pointof the same; with means for agitating material within the rotary drum.

13. The combination in an evaporator or" drier of a supporting structure; adrum carried thereby; a second drum rotatably sup- I ported substantially coaxial with. said drum; a conduit for introducing heated air" to the rotatable drum; a second conduit for drum in engagement with t n surface ofthe second drum.

14. The comb nation 1n an evaporator p'r "drier of a supporting structure "a ried thereby; a second drumrotatably-"sup' ported substantiallycoaxial with laid first carrying. ofi' gases generated within drum; and a scraper carried hi the rotatable e cylindritllf drum; with a scrap ing U19 the external surface of the first drum and made in a number of substantially parallel sections spaced apart around said drum.

15. The combination in an evaporator 0r drier of a supporting structure; a drum carried thereby; a second drum rotatably supported substantially coaxial with said first drum; with a scrapin device operative on the external surface of t e first drum and made in a number of substantially parallel 0 sections spaced apart around said drum and arranged in staggered relation thereon.

In witness whereof I aflix my signature.

CHRISTOPHER OFFENHAUSER. 

